Dennis Lendrem (1923-2003)

Dennis Lendrem was at anchor in the Bay of Naples during the eruption of Vesuvius in 1944. Sadly the two spectacular photographs he took of the eruption at night have been lost.

John Bruce Atkinson (1922-1943)

John Bruce Atkinson was the only son of Mary Ann Lendrem.  A Flight Engineer on flight ED415 his Lancaster bomber was shot down by a Messerschmidt night fighter flown by Lt Heinz Bock, III./NJG1.  The plane exploded at altitude breaking up crashing at Ruchheim, 10km W of Ludwigshafen on the run in to Mannheim. 

Lt Bock died a few months later when his plane crash landed on returning to base.

"My brief sweet life is over; My eyes no longer see; No Christmas Tree, No Summer walks, No pretty girls for me; I’ve got the chop, I’ve had it: My nightly ops are done; Yet in another hundred years, I’ll still be twenty one."

Ralph W Gilbert

RAF Skellingthorpe, Lincolnshire

Bridge Street, Gateshead

In 1899, Robert Lendrem (1858-1910) arrived in Gateshead with his wife Mary Jane Warwick (1869-1950) and two surviving children - William and Jane. The contrast with Barnard Castle must have been extreme. Robert began work as a labourer in the docks at the bottom of Bridge Street in Gateshead.  A notorious slum in a bustling industrialized city, it is hard to imagine what the kids made of it all. Two more children - Wilfred and Charlotte followed in 1900 and 1902. Neither survived beyond infancy. By 1908 their eldest son, William, was back in Barnard Castle. On Robert's death, in 1910, Mary Jane quickly upped sticks and returned to Barnard Castle with her daughter Jane.

http://www.gatesheadhistory.com/bridge-street-gateshead.html

George Robert Lendrem (1822-1892)

BODY FOUND IN THE WEAR.

MELANCHOLY END OF A BARNARD CASTLE

MAN.

On Saturday, the body of a man, apparently about

sixty years of age, was found in the Wear at Fatfield,

by George and Thomas Oliver. The attire consisted

of black trousers, grey stockings, black kerchief, with

white spots, two dark-coloured waistcoats, brown

knitted jersey, black coat. There was an old silver

snuff box, a white-handled pocket knife, and 6d in

money. An inquest was afterwards held by Mr

Graham, coroner. The only evidence adduced was

of the finding of the body, and the jury returned a

verdict of " Found drowned. " An order was made

for the interment of the body, which was much

decomposed, as it apparently had been in the water

for about a month. The body was interred, not

being identified, at Fatfield. Our readers will regret

to hear that the body has since been identified as

that of George Robert Lendrem, an old and respected

inhabitant of Barnard Castle. It will be remembered

tbat he was missing on the 24th of January, by his

friends in Durham, where he had been staying since

before Christmas last.

George Lendrem 1819-1859

The Irish Famine led many to emigrate to the US.  One of these was George Lendrem.

Born in Ashfield, Cavan, Ireland in 1819, George Lendrem was the eldest son of James and Sarah Lendrem.  George married his wife Elizabeth (Eliza) in Ashfield and they had two sons - George born in 1842 and then James born in 1843 in Ireland. George's other brothers - Thomas, William and John - and his sister Elizabeth were all born in Philadelphia.

George and Eliza set up business on South Street by the river.  The building still stands.

With a thriving business as a book-keeper, he was joined by his eldest son George and they became early investors in the emerging oil business taking shares in new businesses while setting up agreements between their clients.  George became a respected member of the Philadelphia's business community and served as a justice in the courts.  His name crops up in numerous trials.  A fair and well respected man he died in his prime at forty years of age on the 18th July 1859.  He is buried in Oddfellow's Cemetery in Philadelphia. 

Sarah Jane Dawson 1862-1912

Sarah Jane Dawson - nee Bolton and maternal great grandmother to various Lendrems - died on the Ferry Steps at Hartlepool on 22nd September 1912.  Her husband, Robert Dawson, dashed to the Ipswich Hotel across the road for a tot of rum but returned too late for it to revive her!

Ferry Steps, Hartlepool

Sarah Lendrem 1851-1923

This story begins with an Ainslie.  William Ainslie to be precise.  Born 15 Feb 1827 in Galashiels in the Scottish borders, William was the son of James Ainslie and Ann Home.  William Ainslie grew up to work at the woollen mill in Galashiels.  As a young man, he met and married Janet Mercer and the couple married on 4 Jul 1856.

Two babies followed in quick succession.  First came Jane in 1857 followed by Ann Home Ainslie in 1859.  Sadly, their mum died just four weeks after Ann's birth.  A widower with two young children, Janet's family rallied around and took in the nieces.  William continued to work in the woollen mill rising to the position of wool finisher.  And, on one of his trips to the woollen mill in Barnard Castle, he met Sarah Lendrem.

Born on 31 Jul 1851 in Barnard Castle to George Robert Lendrem and Jane Wigham, Sarah followed her older sisters into the woollen mill at Barnard Castle.  Sarah was working at the mill when William Lendrem visited.  The aged difference of 24 years did not stop the couple marrying in 1874.  Their son, Robert Lendrem Ainslie was born in 1881 in Galashiels.

Both Robert and Sarah retained the Lendrem as a middle name for their entire lives.

Robert's father died in Galashiels in 1908.

And Sarah died in Edinburgh on 3 Dec 1923.

But not before she'd seen her son rise from a junior in the Sheriff's office in Galashiels, to become the Sheriff Clerk of the Peace for Peebleshire.  But that's another story.

Hugh Cochrane (1868-1914)

Why, you might ask, does Hugh Cochrane figure in a history of the Lendrems?  The reason is that Hugh had the dubious honour of being married to not just one, but two of the Irish Lendrums.

The story begins in Cootehill, Cavan, Ireland.  For Cootehill was not just the birthplace of George Robert Lendrum founder of the Lendrem dynasty.  Until the Irish Diaspora, it was home to many of the Lendrum family.

Hugh was born on 30th June 1868 in Cootehill - the son of Charles Cochrane and Elizabeth Lockington.  By 1890, Hugh had taken the unusual step of becoming a policeman serving in Dublin - a rare foray into southern Ireland.  It seems he met the first of the Lendrum girls - Catherine "Katie" Lendrum - while visiting home.  Katie moved to Dublin and the couple married in 1894.  Their first child, Charles Cochrane was born in 1896.  A second child, this time a daughter, Gertrude Cochrane, came along in 1900.  Sadly, Katie died a few weeks later on 7th November 1900.

Katie's sister, Sarah Lendrum, moved from Cootehill to Dublin and is listed as Hugh's housekeeper.  Sarah kept house and looked after the children eventually marrying Hugh on 15th August 1908.  The following year Sarah gave birth to their son - Hugh Cochrane - on 18 December 1909 at the Rotunda Hospital in Dublin.  Sadly, their son died in infancy on the 27th July 1912 followed a few years later by his father's death on 29th October 1914 back home in Cootehill.  Sarah died the following year in 1915.  Her sister's children - Gertrude and Charles - were now 15 and 18 years old.  Charles was working as a mechanic when he joined the Royal Engineers upon the outbreak of WW1. Upon demobilisation he lived with his sister in Dublin.

George Robert Lendrem (1893-1916)

Miner from Ushaw Moor who served with the 20th Hussars and died at the Somme.

http://www.durhamatwar.org.uk/story/14967/

James Lendrem (1891-1967)

Read James’ story on the Durham at War website.

Barnard Castle born man served with the Durham Light Infantry, gassed at Sanctuary Wood in 1915.

http://www.durhamatwar.org.uk/story/14962/

Robert Lendrem died on October 26th, 1917 at the Second Battle of Paaschendaele

26th Oct 1917

At 3am heavy rain began to fall again and at 4.05am the 4th Bn reported it was in position for the attack.

At zero hour, 5.40am, the barrage opened up and began to creep forward at a rate of one hundred yards every eight minutes. The fusiliers of the149th Bde rose to their feet to advance behind it, with the 4th & 5th Bn Loyal North Lancashires (57th Divn) on the right flank and the 35th Divn on the left. Had the 'going' been good, the troops who lay close up under the barrage (so close indeed that several casualties were suffered) waiting for the first "lift", would not have had a problem advancing at the rate of the creeping barrage.

'The rain had, however, done its deadly work, for all the gallant fellows could do was to drag themselves along through the thick clinging mud and water at a much slower pace than the barrage, which soon got ahead'. Then form "pill box" and shell hole murderous fire was poured upon them. Many fell dead; some of the wounded fell into the gaping holes of water and were drowned; fortunate were those who escaped, but on went the survivors' (Wyrell. p.244).

The allied barrage consisted entirely of shrapnel and was therefore quite useless against the first objective, which consisted of concrete huts. To make matters worse the rain continued to fall heavily and the condition of mud and water were perfectly appalling.

Bn HQ received a wire from the Bde Major at 8.50am stating that a wounded Forward Observation Officer had reported that the first objective had been taken and the men were advancing well to the second objective. This information proved incorrect because 2nd Lt Wood subsequently returned wounded and reported that casualties were heavy and the attack was held up in front of the Huts. The attack had actually ground to a halt about eighty yards west of the line of huts. The machine gun fire and sniping was so severe that any further advance was quite impossible and reporting the situation back to HQ extremely difficult. Two runners were sent to the front line to try and gather information but they both failed to return.

At 11am, 2nd Lt Burton was sent forward to reconnoitre and he confirmed that the attack was held up about one hundred yards short of the Huts. At 1pm Sgt Thompson returned from the front line and confirmed 2nd Lt Burtons’ report stating that casualties were very heavy. Similar news was brought down later by Capt J.V. Gregory. This information was relayed to Bde HQ by pigeon and signaled by Lucas Lamp. Several messages were sent during the afternoon. Two platoons from the Reserve Company, under the command of 2nd Lts Peddie and Scott, were sent forward at 6pm to consolidate the original line held before the attack.

The Bn was relieved about midnight by the 4th Bn East Yorks and proceeded, via the duckboard track known as Railway Street 20, to Rose Crossroads camp 21. The 6th Bn DLI organised straggler posts in likely places to round up men returning from the front line and to guide them to camp.

Roll call revealed the appalling casualties suffered by the 4th Bn. 2nd Lts D.A. Smith, and W. Ruddyhad been killed in action with 2nd Lt R.A.A. Simpson later dying of wounds. 2nd Lts G.R. Charlewood, A.W.P. Leary, H.B. Bell, J.R. Ruddock and R. Wood were wounded, and 2nd Lt R.G. Rayner and H. Stobbs were missing. Thirty-six fusiliers had been killed, one hundred and fifty-six wounded and sixty four were still missing. A total of two hundred and fifty six, more than fifty percent of those that had gone into action. The 5th Bn fared even worse with a total of 12 officers and 439 men either killed, wounded or missing. 7th Bn losses amounted to 11 officers and 246 men.

Summary compiled from 149th Bde War Diary, 4th Bn War Diary & History of the 50th Division,

Casualties

Records show that at least 100 fusiliers from the 4th Bn were actually killed in action or died of wounds between the 25th and 27th of Oct 1917. For information on 4th Bn burial and memorial sites for casualties sustained in this battle, select the link.

4th Battalion War Diary

The following is a list of points noted in the attack:-

1. Two machine guns were attached to the battalion in the attack. They went forward with the support company (in rear of 5th Bn) and did excellent work.

2. Two Stokes Mortars were to be attached but did not succeed in getting ammunition forward.

3. Communication to Bde exceptionally valuable and wonderfully maintained under a heavy barrage by the Bn. Signalling Officer (2nd Lt W.C.Clemitson) and the other signallers. The wire to 5th Bn almost instantly maintained, visual to Bde also kept up although the lamp was knocked over three times, and pigeons.

4. Wounded. Appalling difficulty in getting wounded as the slightest movement in the front line was checked by Machine Guns and sniping.

5. Liaison. Lt W.B. Hicks acted as liaison officer between the 4th Bn and the Bde on the right flank. Liaison with the 4th/5th Loyal North Lancashires maintained through 5th Northd Fus, who had an officer from that battalion with them.

6. Rations Cannot be brought up by transport in these conditions. Men must carry two days rations and also two Tommy cookers.

7. Kit as laid down appear the best, though many packs will probably be thrown away.

8. Hot food should always be carried up to the troops the night before the attack - also RUM.

9. Guiding appallingly difficult owing to the scarcity of landmarks, obvious landmarks, such as the railway are dangerous as the enemy naturally concentrates his artillery on them. We suggest a double line of pickets with plain wire on them. This is not conspicuous and very helpful.-

4th Battalion War Diary

APPENDIX C

(i) MESSAGES during the action

L.T.19 timed 12.20pm. Wounded officer left company reports attack on huts in V.1.D held up by many machine guns about 150 yards west of Huts. Right company held up in same position. Right company of SEED (5th NF) held up on same line. Impossible to work round flanks owing to swamp on right and machine guns on left. AAA. I have one company still in reserve in TAUBE FARM and TRANQUILLE HOUSE area AAA I do not propose to make another frontal attack with this company, as this appears to me to be a reliable report. AAA the officer states that Huts are very little damaged and full of machine guns AAA. Unless I receive orders to the contrary I will move Reserve Company up tonight at dusk to take over and reorganise front line AAA. Am investigating this information and will report later. AAA Ground very swampy and casualties very heavy in wounded officers company.

LT.20 timed 12.40pm In continuation of my L.T.19 I am unable to reach front line companies owing to machine gun fire and sniping from Huts and concrete emplacements. South of Huts. AAA There is not the slightest doubt that the whole attack is held up 100 to 150 yards west of Huts. I am unable to ascertain definitely position of troops on my right but they do not appear to have made much progress. AAA I am unable to estimate casualties.

LT 21 timed ? A very reliable Sgt has just brought back a report from front line. He states that 50 of our men and 2 officers are lying about 100 yards west of middle of Huts. Remainder of 3 companies, he thinks, are casualties. Total about 300. BOSCH planes have been flying low over front line shooting at them. Bosches have also sniped majority of our wounded as they tried to get back. Attack started in excellent order and was clear of BOSCH barrage before it came down – a few men succeeded in reaching HUTS but have not come back. Remainder caught by machine gun fire from HUTS and both flanks. Can you please give me assistance of large party to get our wounded out tonight with stretchers. It requires about 6 men per stretcher.

LT 22 timed 3.44pm Ref B.M.871

I am sending up 2 platoons tonight at dusk. They will consolidate original front line held before the attack and remaining 3 company’s will withdraw. I should like to send them out of the line. Is this possible please, and can staff captain arrange billets for them (probably 70 or 80 men). If the other company is not to be relieved, could you send water, rum, hot food and rations up for them and battalion HQ. Guides could meet ration parties and stretcher parties at PASCHAL FARM. I should also like a large carrying party with stretchers. Guides as above. – Sent by pigeon and substance of it by visual.

149th Bde War Diary

Speaking generally, the Bde was ordered to attack in a north-eastern direction between the southern border of the Houthhulst Forest and the Broembeek on a frontage running in an irregular manner through Aden House, and the principal objectives included "Hill 23," "Colbert Crossroads" and the groups of huts about seven hundred yards south-west of Schaap Balie. Aeroplane photographs were unfortunately not very clear, but they revealed an area that was capable of an obstinate defence, and one that might be rendered impassable by heavy rain. The chief obstacles were a double row of concrete huts or "pill-boxes," and ground that was already dangerously full of water- holes.

Heavy rain began to fall again at 3am and the "very few firm pieces of ground" became less in number; the water, trickling at first down the muddy sides of shell holes, soon became small streams, filling the occupants of the shell holes with gloomy prospects of success in the attack; pools of water widened almost to small lakes. Even in the darkness it was possible to discern stretches of water out in No Man's Land across which the attackers would have to pass.